Tossy Classification

Tossy JD, Mead NC, Sigmond HM. Acromioclavicular separations: useful and practical classification for treatment. Introduced the three grades used here, by injury to the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments and the resulting AC joint displacement.

Simovitch R, Sanders B, Ozbaydar M, Lavery K, Warner JJ. Acromioclavicular joint injuries: diagnosis and management. Current reviews grade AC joint injuries with the six-type Rockwood classification, which subdivides Tossy’s complete dislocation by the degree and direction of displacement; management is decided per local orthopaedic pathway.