Wells Score (PE)

Pulmonary embolism — pretest probability
Clinical signs of DVT
PE is #1 diagnosis or equally likely
Heart rate > 100
Immobilization ≥3 days or surgery in past 4 weeks
Previous DVT or PE
Hemoptysis
Malignancy (treated within 6 months or palliative)
Evidence
Original publication
Wells PS, Anderson DR, Rodger M, et al. Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism, increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2000
Open source
Validation
Writing Group for the Christopher Study Investigators (van Belle A, et al.). Effectiveness of managing suspected pulmonary embolism using an algorithm combining clinical probability, D-dimer testing, and computed tomography. Prospectively validated the dichotomised Wells rule (≤4 "unlikely") combined with D-dimer and CT.
JAMA, 2006
Open source
Last reviewed: 2026-09
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